Thermochemistry is the study of heat change in chemical reactions.
Energy is the capacity to do work.
Units of Energy
Calorie (cal) is the amount of energy required to raise 1 gram of water by 1 degree Celsius
Joule (J)
1 cal = 4.184 joules
Kilocalorie (Kcal)
1000 cal = 1Kcal = 4184 J
Kilojoule (KJ)
1 KJ = 1000 J
Energy is the capacity to do work.
Units of Energy
Calorie (cal) is the amount of energy required to raise 1 gram of water by 1 degree Celsius
Joule (J)
1 cal = 4.184 joules
Kilocalorie (Kcal)
1000 cal = 1Kcal = 4184 J
Kilojoule (KJ)
1 KJ = 1000 J
Types of Energy:
1. Radiant
2. Thermal Energy is the energy associated with the random motion of atoms and molecules.
3. Chemical Energy is the energy stored within the bonds of chemical substances.
4. Kinetic
5. Potential Energy is the energy available by virtue of the object's position.
6. Nuclear Energy is the energy stored within the collection of neutrons and protons in the atom
7. Electrical Energy is the energy associated with the flow of electrons.
Heat is the transfer of thermal energy between two bodies that are different temperatures.
Temperature is the measure of thermal energy.
ENDOTHERMIC and EXOTHERMIC PROCESSES
Exothermic - a process that releases energy in the form of heat
Exothermic reaction - usually feel hot because it is giving heat to you
Examples:
Endothermic - a process/ reaction that absorbs energy in the form of heat
Endothermic reaction - usually feel cold because it is taking heat away from you
Examples:
1. Radiant
2. Thermal Energy is the energy associated with the random motion of atoms and molecules.
3. Chemical Energy is the energy stored within the bonds of chemical substances.
4. Kinetic
5. Potential Energy is the energy available by virtue of the object's position.
6. Nuclear Energy is the energy stored within the collection of neutrons and protons in the atom
7. Electrical Energy is the energy associated with the flow of electrons.
Heat is the transfer of thermal energy between two bodies that are different temperatures.
Temperature is the measure of thermal energy.
ENDOTHERMIC and EXOTHERMIC PROCESSES
Exothermic - a process that releases energy in the form of heat
Exothermic reaction - usually feel hot because it is giving heat to you
Examples:
- Freezing of water
- Solidifying of solid salts
- Condensation of water vapor
- Making a hydrate from an anhydrous salt
- Forming an anion from an atom in the gas phase
- Annihilation of matter E=mc^2
- Splitting of an atom
Endothermic - a process/ reaction that absorbs energy in the form of heat
Endothermic reaction - usually feel cold because it is taking heat away from you
Examples:
- Melting of ice cubes
- Melting of solid salts
- Evaporation of liquid matter
- Making an anhydrous salt from a hydrate
- Forming a cation from an atom in the gas phase
- Splitting of a gas molecule
- Separating ion pairs
- Cooking an egg
- Baking bread